Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is when the ovaries stop working before the age of 40. With POI, an ovary does not release an egg each month as it should. This can cause symptoms and make it hard to get pregnant.
Types of treatment
POI can be treated in different ways. Most people with POI need hormone treatment with estrogen. This can help reduce bone loss and other symptoms, such as vaginal dryness. You may also be given progesterone. This is for those who haven't had surgery to remove their uterus (hysterectomy).
In some people, treatment of another health condition may help treat POI. For example, treatment of thyroid disease or an eating disorder may reduce POI symptoms.
Pregnancy rates for those with POI are low. If you have POI and still want to get pregnant, your doctor may advise:
- Using a donor egg instead of your own egg
- Estrogen therapy as part of a combined hormonal treatment
A small number of people with POI can get pregnant naturally. Talk with your doctor about birth control if you want to prevent pregnancy.
Living with POI
Some people are upset to learn that they have POI, especially if they still want children. This can lead to depression and anxiety. Talking with a mental health care provider may help.
POI can also lead to thin, weak bones (osteoporosis). Osteoporosis can increase your chances of a broken bone. Your doctor may give you advice to help keep your bones healthy. This may include:
- Taking extra calcium and vitamin D
- Quitting smoking
- Exercising more
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Online Medical Reviewer: Daniel N Sacks MD
Online Medical Reviewer: Donna Freeborn PhD CNM FNP
Online Medical Reviewer: Heather Trevino
Date Last Reviewed: 12/01/2022
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