WEBVTT FILE

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In this country, it happens
every 40 seconds and about every

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four minutes, someone dies
from it. A stroke's effects are

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sudden and the quicker a patient
gets help, the better. “The

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sooner you're here, the
more definitive care and more

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opportunity you'll have for a
meaningful recovery.” Stroke

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happens when blood flow doesn't
get to brain cells and they die

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affecting the area of the body
that those cells support. Most

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strokes are ischemic, when blood
flow is blocked in the vessels

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that supply blood to the brain.
“So ischemic stroke is the type

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that there's a blockage, and you
have two types. You can look at

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it like this. Basically, there
could be a local blockage, or

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the blockage can come
from somewhere from distance

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basically.” Ischemic stroke is
usually caused by a blood clot

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becoming lodged in the vessel
delivering blood to part of the

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brain. Some strokes are
hemorrhagic, when there is

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bleeding in the brain due to a
weakened blood vessel rupturing.

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“The causes are various. A lot
of times it's because of trauma.

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Blood pressure is very prevalent
in causing hemorrhagic stroke.

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Then some patients have vascular
abnormalities, either acquired

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or congenital.” Hemorrhagic
strokes are usually caused by

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either an aneurysm - a weakened
blood vessel that “balloons” -

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or an arteriovenous malformation
or AVM, a tangle of malformed

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blood vessels in the brain. When
either an aneurysm or an AVM

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become weak and rupture, normal
blood flow can't take place and

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the affected brain cells die.
No matter whether the stroke is

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caused by a clot blocking blood
flow or a burst vessel bleeding,

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when the brain doesn't get
enough oxygen, the person may

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lose the function associated
with that part of the brain. The

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longer it takes to restore blood
flow, the greater the brain

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injury and potential loss of
function will be. Recognizing

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and responding quickly to the
symptoms of a stroke is critical

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for getting evaluated and
treated quickly. “Yes, I need

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the ambulance. I think I'm
having a stroke.” Those symptoms

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include: sudden numbness or
weakness of the face, arm, or

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leg, especially on one side
of the body; sudden confusion,

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trouble speaking or
understanding; sudden trouble

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seeing in one or both
eyes; sudden trouble walking,

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dizziness, loss of balance or
coordination; sudden severe

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headache with no known cause.
The word F.A.S.T. is an easy way

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to remember how to recognize a
stroke and what to do. F.A.S.T.

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stands for...Face drooping...
Arm weakness... Speech

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Difficulty... Time to call
9-1-1. A patient experiencing

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any stroke- like symptoms needs
to call 9-1-1 and get to an

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emergency room as quickly as
possible. Early treatment can

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make all the difference.