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>> Atopic dermatitis.

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Atopic dermatitis,
also known as eczema,

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causes chronic skin irritation.

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This disease is often genetic

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and causes a skin barrier
dysfunction, which results

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in increased skin
sensitivity to the environment.

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The increased skin sensitivity
causes an itch sensation,

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which in turn causes scratching.

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Scratching can worsen
the itching

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or also break the skin barrier,

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increasing the risk
of infection.

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Atopic dermatitis is treatable.

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Receiving proper treatment
early helps prevent the disease

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from becoming worse.

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Start by seeking medical
treatment and avoiding anything

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that causes flare-ups.

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Otherwise, the skin
inflammation may worsen

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and become complicated
by scarring or infection.

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Symptoms. Atopic dermatitis
symptoms can appear anywhere

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on the body, but in most cases,

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they vary based on
the patient's age.

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In infants as young as
two or three months old,

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irritation appears
mainly on the cheeks,

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on the scalp, or
under the eyelids.

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In children aged two through
puberty, the skin folds,

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such as the backs of the
knees, are most often affected.

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In adults, symptoms usually
affect the creases of the elbows

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or knees or the nape
of the neck.

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They can also appear on the
face or around the eyes.

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Patches of skin can become
dry, red, itchy, and scaly.

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Recognizing what
causes flare-ups.

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Atopic dermatitis symptoms can
flare because of many factors.

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These include dryness,
sweating, stress,

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or allergens such
as dust or wool.

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To pinpoint what causes
atopic dermatitis to flare,

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keep a list of factors that
seem to affect your skin.

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Then write them down
in a notebook or diary.

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The factors that affect each
person varies, so keep a list

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and try to avoid those triggers.

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Diagnosis.

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A healthcare provider will
begin by looking at the skin

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and examining for rashes.

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Questions will be asked
regarding the symptoms.

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It is important to note
whether the skin is itchy.

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Also, it is helpful to know
if there are blood relatives

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that have been diagnosed

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with atopic dermatitis,
asthma, or hay fever.

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Occasionally, additional
tests may be performed to rule

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out other causes of dermatitis,
which may resemble eczema.

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Treatment.

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Treatment can help
control atopic dermatitis.

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It is important because
it can prevent symptoms

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from getting worse, relieve
the pain and itching,

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prevent infections, reduce
any emotional stress.

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A treatment plan often
includes moisturizing skin care

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and anti-inflammatory
topical or oral medications.

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Although a simple non-medicated
moisturizing cream may be used

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on a daily basis, steroid
creams are commonly prescribed

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for more severe episodes
of itching.

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These creams effectively
reduce inflammation,

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which in turn relieves itching.

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Use these carefully
and only as directed

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by your healthcare provider.

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Oral medications may
also be prescribed.

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Among medications you may
be given are antihistimines,

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antibiotics, or corticosteroids.

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What to do.

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Caring for your skin.

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Do moisturize your
skin on a daily basis,

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even when symptoms
are not present.

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After bathing, gently
pat your skin dry.

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Don't rub.

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Apply moisturizer while
your skin is still damp.

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Use hypoallergenic

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or fragrance-free
products when possible.

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Do use topical or oral
medicines as recommended

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by your healthcare provider for
the full course of treatment.

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Do not stop medicine sooner

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than recommended unless your
healthcare provider approves.

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Take warm, not hot, baths.

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Do keep fingernails very
short to minimize the damage

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that may be done by
absentminded scratching.

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Wear loose-fitting
cotton clothing

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that does not bind
or rub the skin.

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Controlling your environment.

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Avoid extremes of heat or cold.

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Avoid very humid
or very dry air.

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If your home or office air is
very dry, use a humidifier.

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Avoid allergens such as dust
that may be present in bedding,

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carpets, plush toys, or rugs.

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Know that pet hair and
dander can cause flare-ups.

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Do wash clothing and linens
in fragrance-free soap

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and double rinse when possible
to minimize irritating soap

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or detergent residues.

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Use fragrance-free
dryer sheets as well.

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What we have learned.

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Atopic dermatitis causes
chronic skin irritation.

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True or false?

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The answer is true.

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Atopic dermatitis symptoms can
appear anywhere on the body.

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True or false?

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The answer is true.

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Treatment cannot help
control atopic dermatitis.

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True or false?

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The answer is false.

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